[52] In 1900, Europe and the Americas were home to the vast majority of the world's Christians (93%). [336][337][b] A survey conducted by Pew Research Center in 2017 found that conversion has a negative impact on the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. Thus, this report excludes religious conversion as a direct factor from the projection of Muslim population growth. At . The dream reflects your lonely state of mind or fear of trusting people around you. [245] While according to the book The Oxford Handbook of Religious Conversion, which written by professor of the Christian mission, Charles E. Farhadian, and professor of psychology, Lewis Rambo, in mid-2005 approximately 15.5million converted to Christianity from another religion, while approximately 11.7million left Christianity, most of them becoming irreligious, resulting in a net gain of 3.8 million. [483][466][484][485], Johnson and Barrett (2004) estimate that the global Sikh population increases annually by 392,633 (1.7% per year, based on 2004 figures); this percentage includes births, deaths, and conversions. Those who embrace Islam tend to do so after years of contact with Muslims. High fertility is a major driver of projected Muslim population growth around the world and in particular regions. In addition, those with religious beliefs tend to have higher birth rates than the secular population, with fundamentalists having far larger families. [303][304] According to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the World Christian Database as of 2007 has Islam as the fastest-growing religion in the world. [340] Islam is widely considered as the fastest growing religion in Europe due primarily to immigration and above average birth rates. [7] While according to various scholars and sources Pentecostalism a Protestant Christian movement is the fastest growing religion in the world,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] this growth is primarily due to religious conversion and denomination switching among Christians. [512][513][514] However, this has not been confirmed by independent sources. [348] ", "A PORTRAIT OF JEWISH AMERICANS: Chapter 1: Population Estimates", "American-Jewish Population Rises to 6.8 Million", Arena Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia, "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census", "The Perilous Path from Muslim to Christian", "GOD IN THE "LAND OF THE MERCEDES" THE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES IN ALBANIA SINCE 1990", "Better than Muslims, Not as Good as Greeks: Emigration as Experienced and Imagined by the Albanian Christians of Lunxhri", "Albanian Immigrants in the Greek City: Spatial 'Invisibility' and Identity Management as a Strategy of Adaptation", "Kabylia: Christian Churches Closed by Algerian Authorities", "Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada", "U.S. Report on Religious Freedom in Middle East", "The Catholic and Protestant churches are working together to draw up guidelines for conversions", "European churches say growing flock of Muslim refugees are converting", "The treatment of Christians in Bangladesh", "Country Policy and Information Note - Bangladesh: Religious minorities and atheists", "Urban culture, religious conversion, and crossing ethnic fluidity among the Bulgarian Muslims ("Pomaks")", "Islam in Denmark an historical overview", "Why Are So Many Muslim Refugees in Europe Suddenly Finding Jesus? [390] Israel is the only country with a Jewish population that is consistently growing through natural population growth and extensive immigration, although the Jewish populations of other countries, in Europe and North America, have recently increased through immigration. [17][18] According to Pulitzer Center 35,000 people become Pentecostal or "Born again" every day. Like Americans in many other religious groups, a substantial share of adults who were raised Muslim no longer identify as members of the faith. [46], The Chinese folk religion is a "diffused religion" rather than "institutional". [333] On the other hand, the increasingly large ex-Muslim communities in the Western world that adhere to no religion have been well documented. 2. A correction has been made to table asy_07b (asylum seekers in receipt of support) in the publication 'Immigration Statistics, year ending June 2019'. [248] According to scholar Wang Zuoa, 500,000 Chinese converts to Protestantism annually. [65], The significant growth of Christianity in non-Western countries led to regional distribution changes of Christians. [319] A new study of Population Reference Bureau by demographers Charles Westoff and Tomas Frejka suggests that the fertility gap between Muslims and non-Muslims is shrinking and although the Muslim immigrants do have more children than other Europeans their fertility tends to decline over time, often faster than among non-Muslims. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Gender. [328] By the end of 2100 Muslims are expected to outnumber Christians. [1] According to them, there was a fast annual growth of Buddhism in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and several Western European countries (19102010). [82] According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, around 9% of Latin Americans were raised as Protestant, but nearly 19% now identify themselves as Protestants. [359] By 2050 Asia will be home to (52.8%) of the world's Muslims, and about (24.3%) of the world's Muslims will live in Sub Saharan Africa, (20%) the Middle East and North Africa, and 2% in Europe. Since then, the Muslim population has continued to grow at a rate of roughly 100,000 per year, driven both by higher fertility rates among Muslim Americans as well as the continued migration of Muslims to the U.S. Muslims that seek to renounce Islam face legal obstacles, societal push-back, and harsh penalties. [68] The study also suggested that by 2050, the global Christian population will change considerably. [482] In contrast to the religion's slowing growth in India, Sikhism is the fastest growing religion in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. However, the 2021, sfn error: no target: CITEREFHourani1947 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBoyce2001 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRoyUnisa2004 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFTaraporevala2000 (, Todd M. Johnson, Brian J. It is completely reasonable to assume that the overall Muslim population in Europe will increase, and Muslim citizens have and will have a significant impact on European life. [26], Sikhism was founded by Guru Nanak in the 15th century. [47] In South Africa, Pentecostalism has grown from 0.2%, in 1951, to 7.6%, in 2001. It also stated that "the number of people who embrace Islam and the number of those who leave Islam are roughly equal. [26], The largest net gains for the religiously unaffiliated between 2010 and 2050 are expected in North America (+26 million), Europe (+24 million), Latin America (+6 million), and the Asia-Pacific region (4 million). But while the share of American Muslim adults who are converts to Islam also is about one-quarter (23%), a much smaller share of current Christians (6%) are converts. From the late 1920s to the late 1980s the religion was harassed and banned in the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc,[427][428][429] and then again from the 1970s into the 1990s across some countries in sub-Saharan Africa. [336] The poll, conducted by the Netherlands-based GAMAAN (Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in Iran), using online polling to provide greater anonymity for respondents, surveyed 50,000 Iranians and found 32% identified as Shia, 5% as Sunni and 3% as Sufi Muslim. According to the Pew Research Center, the Muslim population in Europe (excluding Turkey) was about 30 million in 1990, and 44 million in 2010; the Muslim share of the population increased from 4.1% in 1990 to 6% in 2010. [113] According to a 2012 study, 17% of Jews in Russia identify themselves as Christians. Islam is expected to gain 3.2 million followers, while Buddhists and Jews are expected to lose 2.9 million and 0.3 million adherents, respectively. [7] Another study found that the number of people who will leave Islam is 9,400,000 and the number of converts to Islam is 12,620,000 so the net gain to Islam through conversion should be 3 million between 2010 and 2050, mostly from Sub Saharan Africa (2.9million). [202] According to scholar Ladan Boroumand "Iran today is witnessing the highest rate of Christianization in the world",[203] and according to scholar Shay Khatiri of Johns Hopkins University "Islam is the fastest shrinking religion in there [Iran], while Christianity is growing the fastest",[204] and in 2018 "up to half a million Iranians are Christian converts from Muslim families, and most of these Christians are evangelicals",[205] and he adds "recent estimates claim that the number might have climbed up to somewhere between 1 million and 3 million". The majority of Buddhists live in Asia; Europe and North America also have populations exceeding 1 million. Indeed, while aboutone-in-fiveAmerican Muslim adults were raised in a different faith tradition and converted to Islam, a similar share of Americans who were raised Muslim nowno longer identify with the faith. Still others said they wanted to belong to a community (10%), that marriage or a relationship was the prime motivator (9%), that they were introduced to the faith by a friend, or that they were following a public leader (9%). Islam has also been shaped by those who leave it and this happened early on in the formation of an Islamic community in seventh century Arabia. April 1, 2021, 8:23pm. Since the 1980s, with the gradual opening of society, folk religion has begun to recover. [398], There is also a trend of Orthodox movements reaching out to secular Jews in order to give them a stronger Jewish identity so there is less chance of intermarriage. [71], Christianity is still the largest religion in Western Europe, according to a 2018 study by the Pew Research Center, 71.0% of the Western European population identified themselves as Christians, however, most of them are non-practicing and non- church-attending. Ellethy 2014, p. 181. [448] (See the geographic distribution of atheism. When asked where they think tensions between the Muslim and Western worlds originate, answers vary. Conversions involving Islam sometimes look like a one-way street in the West. The death of a bald eagle that succumbed to what experts suspect is rat poisoning has led a push from wildlife advocates for state lawmakers to do more to protect the birds of prey and other creatures. [342] Pew study also reveals that Muslims are younger than other Europeans. By 2050, 38% of the world's Christians will live in the Sub-Saharan Africa, followed by 23% in Latin America and the Caribbean, 16% in Europe, 13% in Asia and the Pacific and 10% of the world's Christians will live in North America. And only two western European countries France and Belgium will become around 10 percent Muslim, by 2030. [199] Also according to the historian Daniel Pipes of Harvard University and University of Chicago,[200] and a researcher specializing in criticism of Islam, "reports of widespread conversions of Muslims to Christianity come from regions as disparate as Algeria, Albania, Syria, and Kurdistan",[133] in northern Iraq and Algeria, the conversions of Kurds and Berbers to Christianity are unusually high. Only 4.7% of the Parsi community are under 6 years of age, which translates to 7 births per year per 1,000 individuals. [309] Studies estimated about 30,000 converting to Islam annually in the United States. [45] It is a meaning system of social solidarity and identity, ranging from the kinship systems to the community, the state, and the economy, that serves to integrate Chinese culture. Democratic Republic of Congo: Muslim fighters from the Allied Democratic Forces, which earlier pledged allegiance to the Islamic State (ISIS), murdered at least 17 people, possibly many more, in the Christian-majority (95%) African nation. [123] The 2015 Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census study published by Baylor University institute for studies of religion estimates that 10.2 million Muslims converted to Christianity based on global missionary data. But there are also states and counties with far fewer Muslims. The results gave a figure of 1,400 conversions in the capital in the past 12 months which, when. [375][376][377] (such as Christians under the Ottoman Empire's authority,[378][379] Hindus and Buddhists under regime of Muslim invaders,[369] Coptic Christians under administration of the Muslim Arabs,[372] Zoroastrians living under Islamic rule in ancient Persia,[380] and also with Jewish communities in the medieval Arab world[374]) while some scholars indicate that some Muslim rulers in India did not consistently collect the jizya (poll tax) from Dhimmis. Besides, the Muslim population in sub-Saharan Africa is forecast to grow from about 250million in 2010 to nearly 670million in 2050 which is more than double. New York: Oxford University Press. [63][64][65][66] Since 1900, due primarily to conversion, Protestantism has spread rapidly in Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America. [349] The prospect of a homogenous Muslim community per se, or a Muslim majority in Europe is however out of the question. He also states that Muslims & Non-Muslims fertility rate difference will decrease from 0.7 to 0.4 and this different will continue to shrink as a result of which Muslims and non-Muslims fertility rate will be identical by 2050. There is an ongoing silent migration away from the church of an estimated 3,500 individuals each and every day. The proportion of the global religiously unaffiliated living in North America will rise from 5% in 2010, to 9% in 2050. [78][79] According to scholar Paul Freston of Wilfrid Laurier University Pentecostalism continues to grow in Latin America, "both by conversion and by high birth rates". Druzites or Al-Muwaidn are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group; the number of Druzites worldwide is between 800,000 and one million, with the vast majority residing in the Levant. Jay Diamond, Larry. [47] In Nigeria, the percentage of Christians has grown from 21.4%, in 1953, to 50.8%, in 2010. The share of the global unaffiliated population living in Europe is projected to grow from 12% in 2010 to 13% in 2050. The goal is to secure virginal brides rather than to seek new converts to Islam. [26] The study also reveals that, due to young age & relatively high fertility rate among Muslims by 2050 there will be near parity between Muslims (2.8billion, or 30% of the population) and Christians (2.9billion, or 31%), possibly for the first time in history. Ever year, 6 million Muslims convert to Christianity. In surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019, Pew found that 65 percent of Americans described themselves as Christian, a 12 percent decline over the past decade. [507], There has been recent conversions of Kurds from Islam to Zoroastrianism in Kurdistan for different reasons, including a sense of national and/or ethnic identity or for recent conflicts with radical Muslims, which had been enthusiastically received by Zoroastrians worldwide. "They were reporting on the mass conversions of Muslimsas many as 6-8 millionin sub-Saharan, Africa, and they have repeated the warning every year," he said. [45], According to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there are 2.2billion Christians around the world in 2010,[47] up from about 600 million in 1910. Look at who is 'going forth and multiplying', "1 Million Evangelical Christians March for Jesus in Brazil", "French Evangelicals through an American lens", "Nmero de brasileiros catlicos cai abaixo dos 70% pela 1 vez (Percent of Brazilian Catholics is below 70% for the first time)", "Growth stalls, falls for largest U.S. churches", "How many Jews are there in the United States? Wealthy Neighborhoods Saw the Most People Leave Every borough experienced a spike in people moving out last year, but Manhattan saw the . Protestantism is one of the most dynamic religious movements in the contemporary world. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. [19][20][21][22][23], Statistical data on conversion to and from Islam are scarce. [321] While decline of Muslim birth rates in coming years have also been well documented. [35] The decline is due to several factors such as the low fertility level among Buddhists (1.6 children per woman),[36] and the old age (median age of 34), compared to the overall population. But many people, disgusted by the role that some priests and nuns played in the killing frenzy, have shunned organized religion altogether, and many more have turned to Islam. [235] A June 2020 online survey found a much smaller percentage of Iranians stating they believe in Islam, with half of those surveyed indicating they had lost their religious faith. [67] That caused Protestantism to be called a primarily non-Western religion. [352] A survey conducted by Pew Research Center in 2017 found that conversion has a negative impact on the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. [65] In 2000, percentage of Protestants on mentioned continents was 17%, more than 27% and 5.5%, respectively. Quite clearly, Christianity exceeds the other four major religious/non-religious bodies by a significant proportion of 0.6 billion - overtaking Islam in number of followers by an astounding 9.1% of the global population. [195], Resurgent Islam is one of the most dynamic religious movements in the contemporary world. The same 2017 survey asked converts from Islam to explain, in their own words, their reasons for leaving the faith. Muslims take 2.5% out of their salaries and use the funds give to the needy. They were sometimes effectively unable to prevent conversion but they were certainly not going to use force to achieve it. [403][404] In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. At the same time, our projections suggest that the U.S. Muslim population will grow much faster than the countrys Jewish population. Islam began in Arabia and from 633 AD until the late 10th century it was spread through conquests, far-reaching trade and missionary activity. According to the Pew Research Center, religious conversion may have a modest impact on religiously unaffiliated population between 2010 and 2050; religiously unaffiliated are expected to gain 61 million adherents. [226][227] However, these forecasts lack reliable data on religious conversion in China, but according to media reports and expert assessments, it is possible that the rapid growth of Christianity in China may maintain, or even increase, the current numerical advantage of Christianity as the largest religion in the world. By actually counting the number of people who showed up at representative sample of churches, two researchers, Kirk Hadaway and Penny Marler found that only 20.4 percent of the population, or half the Gallup figure, attended church each weekend. GUWAHATI: At a time when religious conversion has emerged as one of the controversial topics, the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) national general . [3] A comprehensive religious forecast for 2050 by the Pew Research Center predicts that the global Muslim population will grow at a faster rate than the Christian population primarily due to the average younger age and higher fertility rate of Muslims. Australian Bureau of Statistics (21 June 2012). [59] In 2017 Christianity added nearly 50 million people due to factors such as birth rate and religious conversion. [388], According to the Pew Research Center published on 2010, religious conversion may have little impact on the Jewish population between 2010 and 2050; Jews are expected to lose 0.3 million adherents, between 2010 and 2050. [212] According to scholars Felix Wilfred from the University of Madras and Chris Hann from the University of Cambridge and Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, since the fall of communism, the number of Muslim converts to Christianity in Kyrgyzstan has been increased. Columbia University - School of International and Public Affairs, "Hindu Religion Information Data and Statistics | PEW-GRF", "Projected Changes in the Global Hindu Population", "By 2050, India to have world's largest populations of Hindus and Muslims", "Indian Census and Muslim population growth", "Fueled by immigration, Hinduism becomes fourth-largest faith in US", 2011 Census reveals Hinduism as the fastest growing religion in Australia, "Immigrants Change Australia's Cultural Identity", "3.6 Billion: World's Muslim Population Doubles", "Islam set to become world's largest religion by 2075, study suggests", "Religion and Living Arrangements Around the World", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Related Factors: Conversion", The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050/, "Muslim birth rate falls, slower population growth", "Converting to Islam: British women on prayer, peace and prejudice", "Converting to Islam - the white Britons becoming Muslims", "Fast-growing Islam winning converts in Western world", "Muslim Converts Face Discrimination (Published 2005)", "The Mosque in America: A National Portrait", "Conversion To Islam One Result Of Post-9/11 Curiosity", "More in France Are Turning to Islam, Challenging a Nation's Idea of Itself (Published 2013)", "Muslims outnumber Catholics, Vatican says", "Muslims more numerous than Catholics: Vatican", "Vatican: Islam Surpasses Roman Catholicism as World's Largest Religion | Europe News", "Relax Sangh Parivar, there is no evidence of a Muslim population bomb", "David Ignatius: A demographic shift in the Muslim world", "Projected Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 20102050, p.11", Long-Term Projections of Christian and Muslim Shares of World's Population, "Muslims Projected to Outnumber Christians by 2100", "Do Muslims Have More Children Than Other Women in Western Europe? [38] in 2018 a new data from the Gordon Theological Seminary shows that, for the first time ever, more number of Christians live in Africa than on any other single continent:[58] "The results show Africa on top with 631 million Christian residents, Latin America in 2nd place with 601 million Christians, and Europe in 3rd place with 571 million Christians". "The majority of ex-Muslims I interviewed said they were profoundly lonely and isolated, and they related. [340] According to a religious forecast for 2050 by Pew Research Center conversion does not add significantly to the growth of the Muslim population in Europe,[343] according to the same study the net loss is (60,000) due to religious switching. [88] According to scholar Michael Nai-Chiu Poon of University of Toronto conversion to Christianity is increasing among Chinese Singaporeans. New Delhi: "I have hated Muslims most of my life and today I proudly call myself one," says Siddharth, who assumed the name Shadab when he converted to Islam in 2012. According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, by 2060 Muslims will remain the second world's largest religion; and if current trends continue, the number of Muslims will reach 2.9billion (or 31.1%). It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Over that same time period, the number of people who do not identify with any particular religion increased from 16 percent to 29 percent. [319] Between 2010 and 2015, with exception of the Middle East and North Africa, Muslim fertility of any other region in the world was higher than the rate for the region as a whole. [409][410] In 2013, two scholars of demography wrote that, "The Baha'i Faith is the only religion to have grown faster in every United Nations region over the past 100 years than the general population; Bahai (sic) was thus the fastest-growing religion between 1910 and 2010, growing at least twice as fast as the population of almost every UN region. [118] According to Blainey, this is due to several reasons, including the lack of ties of Evangelical Christianity with colonial powers in contrast to Roman Catholic and Mainline Protestant Churches, as well as the rising of Islamism, which lead some Muslims to look towards other religions such as Christianity through evangelical activity in the visual and audio media, as well as irreligion. Islam is the fastest-growing religion in Europe. [230][231][232][233][234][235][236] The 2014 Religious Landscape Study finds a large majority (87.6%) of those who were raised as Christians in the United States still identify as such, while the rest who no longer identify as Christians mostly identify as religiously unaffiliated, and the number of those leaving Christianity in the United States is greater than the number of converts; however, the number of those convert to evangelical Christianity in the United States is greater than the number of those leaving that faith. Muslims are not evenly distributed around the country. [24] According to a study published in 2011 by Pew Research, what little information is available may suggests that religious conversion has no net impact on the Muslim population, as the number of people who convert to Islam is roughly similar to those who leave Islam. [244] On the other hand, demographer Conrad Hackett of Pew Research Center stated that the World Christian Encyclopedia gives a higher estimate for percent Christian when compared to other cross-national data sets. It was reported in 2013 that around 5,000 British people convert to Islam every year, with most of them being women. [279] Syria is home to the largest Druzite community in the world, according to a study published by Columbia University, the number of Syrian Druze increased from 684,000 in 2010 to 730,000 in mid of 2018. [493] It served as the state religion of the ancient Iranian empires for more than a millennium, from around 600 BCE to 650 CE, but declined from the 7th century onwards following the Muslim conquest of Persia of 633654. [446][447], In terms of absolute numbers, irreligion appears to be increasing (along with secularization generally). 14/Mar/2021. [478][479] Sikhs have the lowest fertility rate amongst India's four major religious groups, at 1.6 children per woman in 2019-20. ", Jenkins, Philip. Islam will overcome Christianity to become the most popular religion in the world by 2070, with migration seeing a surge in Europe and America's Muslim population, research shows Islam's share. Such forecasts cannot be validated empirically and are contentious, but are useful for comparison. Muslims who leave the faith often face abuse and violence - but a grassroots group that's touring American colleges is trying to help.
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